Dental Grants in North Carolina
Free and Low-Cost Dental Care for North Carolina Seniors: Complete 2026 Guide
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Last updated:
Medical Review: Content verified against current NC Medicaid policies and federal poverty guidelines
Quick Help Summary
Bottom Line: North Carolina has significantly expanded Medicaid dental coverage since late 2023, but access remains a hurdle as only ~28% of dentists currently accept Medicaid patients. Free options exist through verified programs, though most require income verification and have wait times of 2-18 months.
What You Need to Know Right Now:
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The Reality: North Carolina expanded Medicaid in December 2023, covering over 600,000 new adults with dental benefits, but finding dentists who accept Medicaid remains challenging in 2026 due to provider shortages in 93 counties.
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Free Options Exist: Confirmed programs serve seniors, including NC Mission of Mercy clinics (scheduled for Salisbury in March 2026 and Gastonia in October 2026) and donated dental services.
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Income Matters: The 2026 Federal Poverty Level is $15,960 for individuals; most free programs require 200% or less ( $31,920 annual).
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Provider Shortage: Only 28% of North Carolina dentists accept Medicaid patients, creating access challenges despite the expanded coverage.
DENTAL EMERGENCY HELP – GET CARE TODAY
If you’re having a dental emergency right now:
Immediate Emergency Resources
1. UNC School of Dentistry Urgent Care
- Phone: (919) 537-3737
- Hours: 8AM-5PM, Monday-Friday
- Location: Tarrson Hall, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Cost: Reduced fees, up to 50% below private practice
2. SHAC Free Dental Clinic (Chapel Hill)
- Phone: Contact through online lottery system
- Hours: 6-9PM on select Wednesday nights
- Cost: Completely free
- Important: Appointment only via lottery system, emergency referrals to UNC urgent care
3. Hospital Emergency Rooms
- When to Go: Severe facial swelling, difficulty swallowing, fever with tooth pain
- What They Do: Emergency stabilization, pain medication, antibiotics for infections
- Reality Check: Cannot perform dental procedures but required to provide emergency assessment
Emergency Pain Management (While Seeking Care)
If your doctor approves and you have no kidney, liver, or heart conditions:
- 800mg ibuprofen every 8 hours AND 1000mg Tylenol every 6 hours
- Apply cold pack to outside of cheek for 15 minutes at a time
- Rinse gently with warm salt water (1 teaspoon salt in 8 oz water)
Go to Emergency Room immediately if you have:
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing
- Severe facial swelling affecting eye opening
- High fever (over 101°F) with dental pain
- Uncontrolled bleeding from mouth
Understanding North Carolina’s Dental Care Challenge
The Reality of Dental Access for Seniors
North Carolina faces significant dental access challenges despite recent improvements. The state has 90 out of 100 counties designated as Dental Health Professional Shortage Areas, meaning there aren’t enough dentists to serve the population.
Current Dentist Shortage Statistics:
- 50.4 dentists per 100,000 population (2022), well below the national average of 60.6
- Only 5,112 dental providers statewide despite population growth
- 3.6% of seniors over 65 avoided dental care in 2021 due to cost, slightly above the national average
Major Development: Medicaid Expansion
Game-Changer for North Carolina Seniors: North Carolina expanded Medicaid on December 1, 2023, providing health coverage including dental benefits to over 600,000 previously uninsured adults.
Medicaid Dental Coverage Reality:
- Comprehensive oral health benefits package included with routine cleanings, exams, and preventive services
- Already covered over $4.8 million in dental claims as of January 2024
- The Problem: Only 28% of dentists accept meaningful volumes of Medicaid patients
Health Impact for Seniors
Poor oral health significantly increases risks for:
- Heart Disease: Gum disease bacteria can enter bloodstream
- Diabetes Complications: Infection makes blood sugar control harder
- Pneumonia: Oral bacteria can be aspirated into lungs
- Malnutrition: Missing teeth make eating nutritious foods difficult
Verified Free and Low-Cost Programs for North Carolina Seniors
1. North Carolina Medicaid (Expanded Coverage)
Eligibility for 2026:
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Adults ages 19-64 with household income up to 138% of the Federal Poverty Level
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Includes comprehensive dental coverage (cleanings, fillings, extractions, and dentures)
| Household Size | Maximum Annual Income | Maximum Monthly Income |
|---|---|---|
| 1 person | $22,025 | $1,836 |
| 2 people | $29,864 | $2,489 |
| 3 people | $37,702 | $3,142 |
Services Covered:
- Routine: Exams, cleanings (2 per year), and X-rays
- Restorative: Fillings, extractions, and root canals (specific teeth only)
- Major: Complete and partial dentures (available once every 10 years)
- Note: Caps and limitations apply to many services; pre-approval is often required.
How to Apply:
- Online: ePASS portal (epass.nc.gov)
- Phone: Contact your local Department of Social Services (DSS)
- In Person: Visit your county DSS office
Reality Check: Finding dentists who accept new Medicaid patients remains extremely difficult in 2026. Only about 28% of providers accept the coverage, and many have closed their waitlists. Always call ahead to verify acceptance before making an appointment.
2. Donated Dental Services (DDS) – Dental Lifeline Network
Current Status (January 2026):
- Network: A comprehensive network of volunteer dentists and dental laboratories participating in North Carolina.
- Cost: Completely free comprehensive dental care (no sliding scale).
- Wait Time Reality: 12–24 months for patient matching in most areas; applications are processed in the order received.
Eligibility Requirements:
- Age 65+ OR permanent disability OR medically fragile.
- Cannot afford dental treatment.
- No means to pay for care through insurance or other programs (Medicaid denial often required).
Application Process:
- Online Application: dentallifeline.org/north-carolina
- Physician Referral: Required for “medically fragile” applicants (must be submitted within 30 days).
- Income Documentation: Required to verify financial need.
- Geographic Limitations: As of early 2026, applications are ONLY being accepted in the following counties:
- Buncombe
- Carteret
- Gaston
- McKlenberg
- Moore
- Randolph
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Note: If you live in a closed county but have a life-threatening medical condition that requires dental care (eg, pre-transplant), you may still apply with a physician’s referral.
Contact Information:
- Phone: 1-877-650-9001
- Coordinator: Carrie Hebert, DDS at (919) 677-9001
3. Mission of Mercy (MOM) Clinics
How MOM Clinics Work:
- Format: Two-day portable free dental clinics serving hundreds of patients per event.
- Access: First-come, first-served basis; doors typically open at 6:00 AM , but lines form much earlier.
- Treatment Limit: Typically one major procedure per patient (eg, one extraction or one filling) plus cleaning, depending on volunteer capacity.
- Eligibility: Open to adults (18+); no income verification required , but you must sign an income disclosure.
2026 Confirmed NCMOM Clinics:
- Salisbury: March 6–7, 2026
- Location: Salisbury Mall (JCPenney Building), 1935 Jake Alexander Blvd W, Salisbury, NC.
- Gastonia: October 2–3, 2026
- Location: City Church, 2782 Fairview Dr, Gastonia, NC.
Note: Check ncdentalfoundation.org regularly, as “Mini-MOM” clinics are often added to the schedule with short notice.
Services Provided:
- Dental cleanings and examinations
- Fillings and extractions (simple and surgical)
- Digital X-rays
Note: Bridges, crowns, and dentures are generally NOT provided at these mobile clinics.
What to Expect:
- Arrive Early: Patients often line up the night before or by 4:00 AM ; once capacity is reached, the clinic closes for the day.
- Bring: Photo ID, water, snacks, and any daily medications (you will be waiting for hours).
- Process: You will undergo a health screening and triage before seeing a dentist.
- Safety: One-to-one patient-to-dentist ratio with hospital-grade sterilization.
4. UNC Adams School of Dentistry
Multiple Service Options:
Carolina Dentistry (Main Clinic)
- Location: 385 S. Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
- Phone: (919) 537-3700
- Cost: Up to 50% below private practice fees
- Wait Time: 3-6 months for new patient appointments
- Services: Comprehensive care by students under faculty supervision
SHAC Free Dental Clinic
- Schedule: 6-9PM on select Wednesday nights
- Cost: Completely free
- Application: Online lottery system
- Services: Emergency and preventive care by dental students
- Important: One treatment per visit due to high demand
Community Service Learning Centers
East Carolina University operates dental clinics in:
- Ahoskie, Bolivia, Elizabeth City
- Lillington, Lumberton, Spruce Pine
- Sylva, Thomasville
5. Veterans Affairs (VA) Dental Benefits
Who Qualifies for Full VA Dental Care:
- Service-connected dental disability with any compensation rating
- 100% disability rating OR Individual Unemployability status
- Recently discharged veterans (within 180 days with incomplete dental treatment)
- Veterans in vocational rehabilitation programs
VA Healthcare System Locations:
- Asheville: 1100 Tunnel Road, Asheville, NC 28805
- Durham: 508 Fulton Street, Durham, NC 27705
- Fayetteville: 2300 Ramsey Street, Fayetteville, NC 28301
- Salisbury: 1601 Brenner Avenue, Salisbury, NC 28144
VA Dental Insurance Program (VADIP):
- Available to veterans enrolled in VA healthcare
- Plans through Delta Dental and MetLife
- Enhanced vs. comprehensive coverage options
Medicare Reality for North Carolina Seniors
What Original Medicare Covers (Very Little) Medicare Parts A & B Cover
- Dental services only if inextricably linked to specific medical treatments (eg, radiation for head/neck cancer)
- Oral exams prior to heart valve replacements or organ transplants
- Emergency room visits for severe/life-threatening dental infections (trauma)
What Medicare Does NOT Cover:
- Routine cleanings, fillings, extractions
- Dentures, bridges, implants
- Most preventive care (gum maintenance, etc.)
Medicare Advantage Plans in North Carolina
2026 Dental Coverage Options:
- Availability: ~98% of NC Medicare Advantage plans now include some dental benefits.
- Stand-alone dental plans: Available through private insurers (eg, Delta Dental NC, Cigna, Blue Cross NC) or Healthcare.gov.
- Monthly premiums: Typically $20–$55 for stand-alone plans (Average in NC is ~$29/month).
- Annual benefit caps: Usually $1,500–$3,000 for comprehensive work in 2026.
Reality Check: Most plans still enforce 6–12 month waiting periods for major procedures (crowns/dentures) and restrict you to specific provider networks.
Regional Resources by North Carolina Area
Western North Carolina (Asheville, Charlotte Area)
Charlotte Area (Gastonia) Mission of Mercy Clinic:
- Date: October 2–3, 2026
- Location: City Church, 2782 Fairview Dr, Gastonia, NC 28052
- Setup: Patients typically line up 24 hours in advance.
- Hours: Doors open at 6:00 AM on both Friday and Saturday.
Note: While the CPCC Mini-MOM has occurred in previous years, the Gastonia event is the confirmed major clinic for the region in 2026.
VA Medical Center Asheville:
- Address: 1100 Tunnel Road, Asheville, NC 28805
- Dental Clinic Direct Line: (828) 299-2513 (Use this for faster access)
- Main Phone: (828) 298-7911
- Eligibility: Service-connected veterans and those with qualifying conditions (100% disability, former POW).
Asheville Buncombe Community Christian Ministry (ABCCM):
- Address: 155 Livingston St, Asheville, NC 28801
- Phone: (828) 259-5339
- Services: Free extractions and dental hygiene for uninsured adults in Buncombe County.
- Hours: Clinics are held weekly; call for the current schedule.
Central North Carolina (Raleigh, Durham, Chapel Hill)
UNC Adams School of Dentistry (Multiple Options):
- Carolina Dentistry: Comprehensive care, 3-6 month wait
- SHAC Free Clinic: Wednesday evenings, lottery system
- Emergency Care: (919) 537-3737 during business hours
UNC CAARE Dental Clinic (Durham):
- Schedule: Most Tuesday nights
- Target Population: Uninsured Durham community members
- Services: Urgent and preventive care with health education
- Application: Long waitlist, priority for urgent needs
Eastern North Carolina (Greenville, Wilmington)
East Carolina University Dental Medicine:
- Main Campus: Greenville
- Community Centers: Multiple locations including Elizabeth City, Lumberton
- Services: Student-supervised care at reduced costs
Graham & Burlington Area Resources
Open Door Clinic of Alamance County
- Location: Burlington, NC
- Eligibility: Uninsured Alamance County residents with household income at or below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level.
- Services: Free or low-cost dental care (extractions, fillings) for established patients.
- Status: Accepting new patients (Application required).
- Contact: (336) 570-9800 or visit opendoorclinic.net
Piedmont Health – Burlington Community Health Center
- Location: 1214 Vaughn Rd, Burlington, NC 27217
- Cost: Sliding fee scale based on family size and income (Federally Qualified Health Center).
- Services: Comprehensive dental care including cleanings, fillings, and extractions.
- Contact: (336) 506-5800
Alamance Community College Dental Assisting Program
- Note: occasionally offers screenings or low-cost preventive services during student semesters.
- Contact: Call the Health Sciences department at (336) 506-4192 for current clinic availability.
Cost Reality: What North Carolina Seniors Actually Pay
Average Dental Costs in North Carolina (2026 Estimates)
| Service | North Carolina historically | National Average | Dental Schools (UNC/ECU) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Routine Cleaning | $110-$250 | $90-$200 | $70 – $130 |
| Composite Filling | $180 – $350 | $160 – $300 | $95 – $190 |
| Porcelain Crown | $$1,100 – $2,300 | $1,000 – $2,000 | $650 – $1,100 |
| Root Canal (Molar) | $1,000 – $1,900 | $900 – $1,700 | $500 – $900 |
| Complete Dentures | $3,200 – $6,000 | $3,000 – $5,500 | $1,600 – $2,800 |
Real Patient Scenarios
Margaret, Age 73, Raleigh (Social Security $1,850/month):
- Qualifies for: Donated Dental Services (income under 200% FPL)
- Challenge: 12-18 month wait but completely free comprehensive care
- Alternative: UNC clinic with 3-6 month wait, 50% cost reduction
- Best Strategy: Apply to DDS immediately, use UNC as backup
Robert, Age 68, Veteran with 70% Disability:
- Qualifies for: Full VA dental care if condition is service-connected
- VA Location: Durham or Salisbury VA Medical Centers
- Cost: $0 for service-connected dental work
- Additional: VADIP insurance available for non-service-connected care
Linda, Age 71, Medicaid Eligible (Income $1,650/month):
- Qualifies for: North Carolina Medicaid dental coverage
- Reality: Difficult finding dentists who accept new Medicaid patients
- Strategy: Use Medicaid provider lookup tool, call multiple offices
- Backup: Apply to free clinic programs while searching for Medicaid dentist
Application Strategy: Step-by-Step Guide
Priority Application Order for Most North Carolina Seniors
If You’re a Veteran:
- Check VA eligibility first: Contact nearest VA Medical Center
- Apply for VADIP if not eligible for full VA dental coverage
If You Qualify for Medicaid:
- Apply for Medicaid through ePASS portal
- Search for accepting dentists using official provider lookup
- Apply to backup programs while searching for Medicaid provider
For All Other Seniors:
- Apply to Donated Dental Services immediately (longest wait but completely free)
- Enter UNC SHAC lottery system for emergency care
- Schedule UNC Carolina Dentistry for comprehensive care (3-6 month wait)
- Monitor MOM clinic announcements for upcoming free events
Required Documents Checklist
| Document Type | Specific Examples | Where to Get It |
|---|---|---|
| Photo ID | Driver’s license, state ID, passport | NC DMV offices |
| Income Verification | Social Security statement, bank statements (3 months) | Social Security Administration |
| Residency Proof | Utility bill, lease agreement, mortgage statement | Utility companies, landlords |
| Medical Information | Current medications, conditions summary | Your doctor’s office |
| Insurance Cards | Medicare card, supplement plans | Social Security Administration |
Follow-Up Strategies That Work
For Donated Dental Services:
- Call monthly for status updates: (919) 677-9001
- Be polite but persistent – squeaky wheel gets the oil
- Have backup documentation ready if requested
For UNC Programs:
- Check SHAC lottery status regularly
- Call Carolina Dentistry for appointment availability
- Consider multiple UNC community sites
For Medicaid Providers:
- Call at least 10 dentists from provider list
- Ask specifically: “Are you accepting NEW Medicaid patients?”
- Have backup questions about payment plans if not accepting Medicaid
Special Considerations for North Carolina Seniors
Hurricane Recovery Resources
Following Hurricane Helene’s impact on Western North Carolina, the NC Dental Society Foundation offers emergency relief grants to affected dentists, which may improve access to care in impacted areas.
Medication Interactions – Critical Warnings
Always inform your dentist about:
- Blood Thinners: Warfarin (Coumadin), Eliquis, Xarelto – may require procedure modifications
- Bisphosphonates: Fosamax, Boniva, Reclast – can affect jaw bone healing after extractions
- Diabetes Medications: Can affect infection fighting and healing
- Blood Pressure Medications: May interact with dental anesthetics (epinephrine)
Transportation Solutions
- NC Department of Transportation: Some counties offer medical transport
- Area Agencies on Aging: May provide transportation to dental appointments
- Family/Caregiver Support: Many seniors need assistance navigating multiple appointments
Senior-Specific Dental Issues
- Dry Mouth: Common medication side effect, increases cavity risk
- Gum Recession: Exposes tooth roots, leads to sensitivity and decay
- Multiple Medications: Complex interactions requiring careful dental planning
- Fixed Income Constraints: Make dental care financially challenging
Warning Signs and What to Do
Dental Emergency Symptoms – Seek Immediate Help
- Facial swelling affecting breathing or swallowing
- Fever over 101°F with dental pain (sign of serious infection)
- Severe bleeding that won’t stop with pressure
- Trauma affecting multiple teeth
- Severe pain lasting more than 24 hours despite medication
Avoid These Common Scams
- Door-to-door dental services offering “free” treatments
- Mobile dental units in parking lots without proper licensing
- Pressure to sign contracts immediately for expensive treatments
- Requests for Social Security numbers before service verification
- Guaranteed approval for expensive procedures without examination
Red Flags in Legitimate Programs
Even legitimate programs can have issues. Watch for:
- Extremely long wait times without communication
- Requests for payment upfront for “free” services
- Poor sanitation or unprofessional facilities
- Pressure to accept extensive treatment plans
- Lack of clear information about costs and coverage
Looking Ahead: 2025-2026 Developments
Positive Changes Coming
- Historic Rural Investment: In late 2025, North Carolina was awarded $213 million in federal funding for the Rural Health Transformation Program (RHTP) . Launching in 2026, this 5-year program clearly funds mobile health units and telehealth infrastructure to reach underserved counties.
- Medicaid Reimbursement Fight: After Governor Stein reversed planned rate cuts in December 2025, the NC Dental Society is now aggressively pushing House Bill 60 , which aims to raise dental reimbursement rates by 30% (from the current ~34 cents on the dollar) to bring more dentists back into the Medicaid network.
- Teledentistry Integration: With regulatory standards now established (SB 146), 2026 will see the rollout of “Virtual Dental Homes” in rural schools and senior centers, allowing hygienists to capture data for remote dentist review.
What to Monitor
- NC Dental Society Foundation: Confirmed 2026 MOM Clinics are set for Salisbury (March) and Gastonia (October) .Watch for “Mini-MOM” pop-ups in Eastern NC (typically announced 60 days out).
- Federal Medicare Legislation: Proposals to include dental benefits in Medicare Part B remain stalled, but “Medically Necessary” coverage definitions are being slightly expanded by CMS for 2026 (mostly regarding transplant/cardiac patients).
- State Budget Battles: The 2026 legislative session will determine if the Oral Health Transformation Task Force recommendations (released late 2024) get actual funding—specifically for adult dental benefits.
Legislative Watch
- Rural Health Innovation Fund: Part of the new federal grant, this fund will open in mid-2026 to help rural practices buy modern equipment (digital X-rays/telehealth carts).
- Provider Incentives: Watch for new loan repayment grants for dentists willing to practice in “Tier 1” (distressed) counties, expected to be debated in the Spring 2026 session.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Does North Carolina Medicaid cover dental care for seniors? A: Yes, since Medicaid expansion in December 2023, comprehensive dental benefits are included. However, only 28% of dentists accept meaningful volumes of Medicaid patients, making access challenging.
Q: How long do I have to wait for free dental care through Donated Dental Services? A: Currently 12-18 months for patient-dentist matching in North Carolina. 293 volunteer dentists participate statewide, but demand exceeds capacity.
Q: Are the UNC dental school clinics safe for seniors? A: Yes. All procedures are performed by advanced students under direct supervision of licensed faculty dentists. Quality standards match private practice, though appointments take longer due to educational nature.
Q: When will the next Mission of Mercy clinic be held? A: The next major NC Mission of Mercy (NCMOM) clinics are confirmed for Salisbury on March 6–7, 2026 , and Gastonia on October 2–3, 2026 . Smaller “Mini-MOM” clinics are often announced with short notice, so strictly monitor the NC Dental Society Foundation website (ncdentalfoundation.org) for updates.
Q: What should I do for a dental emergency if I have no insurance? A: Call UNC Dental School Urgent Care at (919) 537-3737 during business hours. For severe symptoms (swelling, fever, difficulty swallowing), go to a hospital emergency room immediately.
Q: Can I travel to another state for cheaper dental care? A: Yes. Some seniors near state borders find lower costs in Virginia or South Carolina, but factor in travel expenses and follow-up care logistics.
Q: How do I find a dentist who accepts Medicaid? A: Use the official NC Medicaid provider lookup tool and call offices directly to verify they’re accepting NEW Medicaid patients. Be prepared to call many offices.
Q: What’s the income limit for free dental programs? A: Most household programs require income below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level : $31,920 annual ( $2,660 monthly ) for individuals in 2026.
Key Takeaways for North Carolina Seniors
Most Important Facts:
✓ Medicaid expansion in December 2023 provided dental coverage to 600,000+ new adults, but finding participating dentists remains difficult
✓ Donated Dental Services provides completely free care but has 12-18 month wait times
✓ UNC dental programs offer multiple options from free emergency care to 50% cost reductions
✓ Mission of Mercy clinics provide free care but require very early arrival and long waits
✓ Veterans with service-connected conditions get comprehensive free care through VA system
✓ Only 28% of NC dentists accept Medicaid, creating access barriers despite expanded coverage
✓ Apply to multiple programs simultaneously – don’t put all hopes on one option
✓ Documentation is critical – have income proof, ID, and medical records ready
Emergency Contact Quick Reference
Life-Threatening Emergency
- Call 911: Difficulty breathing, severe facial swelling, uncontrolled bleeding
- Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222 for medication interactions
Same-Day Dental Care
- UNC Dental Urgent Care: (919) 537-3737
- SHAC Emergency Referrals: Contact through urgent care line above
- VA Emergency Dental: Contact nearest VA Medical Center
Program Applications and Information
- Donated Dental Services: 1-877-650-9001 or dentallifeline.org
- NC Medicaid: ePASS portal or call local Department of Social Services
- UNC Carolina Dentistry: (919) 537-3700
- VA Healthcare: 1-800-827-1000
Information and Resources
- NC Dental Society: (919) 832-1222
- NC 211: Dial 2-1-1 for local assistance programs
- Area Agencies on Aging: Contact through NC Division of Aging and Adult Services
Sources and Verification
- North Carolina Medicaid Expansion & Dental Benefits – Official NC DHHS Website (ncdhhs.gov)
- 2026 Federal Poverty Guidelines – US Department of Health and Human Services (aspe.hhs.gov)
- NC Oral Health Transformation Task Force Report (2025-2026) – North Carolina Oral Health Collaborative
- Rural Health Transformation Program (RHTP) Funding Guidelines – NC Department of Health
- NC Dental Society Foundation (MOM Clinics) – Official Foundation Schedule (ncdentalfoundation.org)
- Dental Lifeline Network North Carolina – Official Program Status & County Openings
- NC Dental Society Free/Low-Cost Resources – Professional Association Directory
- UNC & ECU School of Dental Medicine Clinics – Official Patient Information Portals
- VA Dental Benefits & Eligibility 2026 – US Department of Veterans Affairs
- NC Medicaid Dental Provider Directory – NC Medicaid Division of Health Benefits
Disclaimer: Dental program details, eligibility requirements, income limits, and contact information change frequently due to funding availability and policy modifications. Always verify current information directly with the relevant organization before making healthcare decisions. This guide provides general information and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Wait times and program availability vary significantly based on location, funding, and volunteer capacity. All costs and statistics cited are from verified sources and were accurate as of the January 2026 publication date. Individual results may vary based on specific health conditions, insurance status, and program availability. Seniors should always consult with healthcare providers about their specific dental needs and treatment options.
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